| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print June 6, 2002
Am J Physiol Regu Physiol, 10.1152/ajpregu.00039.2002
Submitted on January 22, 2002
Accepted on May 30, 2002
1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rfrost{at}psu.edu.
The purpose of the present study was to examine the regulation of tumor necrosis factor 
(TNF) and interleukin (IL)-6 by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in C2C12 myoblasts and mouse skeletal muscle. LPS produced dose- and time-dependent increases in TNF and IL-6 mRNA content in C2C12 myoblasts. The LPS-induced cytokine response could be mimicked by peptidoglycan from the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus but not by zymosan A, a cell wall component from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ongoing protein synthesis was not necessary for the increase in the two cytokine mRNAs. The transcriptional inhibitor DRB blocked LPS-stimulated IL-6 mRNA expression without changing mRNA half-life. The anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid dexamethasone selectively blocked LPS-stimulated IL-6 mRNA accumulation, but not TNF. In contrast, the proteasomal inhibitor MG132 blocked TNF mRNA expression, but not IL-6. Exposure of myoblasts to LPS was associated with a rapid decrease in the inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (I kappa B , and 
) and this response was also blocked by MG132. Treatment of myocytes with IL-1 or TNF also increased IL-6 mRNA content, but the increase in IL-6 mRNA due to LPS could not be prevented by pretreatment with antagonist to either IL-1 or TNF. Under in vivo conditions, LPS increased the plasma concentration of TNF and IL-6 and stimulated the accumulation of their mRNAs in multiple tissues including skeletal muscle from wild-type mice. In contrast, the ability of LPS to stimulate the same cytokines was markedly decreased in mice that harbor a mutation in the toll-like receptor 4. Our data suggest that LPS stimulates cytokine expression not only in classical immune tissues, but also in skeletal muscle.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  K. A. Huey, G. Fiscus, A. F. Richwine, R. W. Johnson, and B. M. Meador In vivo vitamin E administration attenuates interleukin-6 and interleukin-1{beta} responses to an acute inflammatory insult in mouse skeletal and cardiac muscle Exp Physiol, December 1, 2008; 93(12): 1263 - 1272. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. K. Pedersen and M. A. Febbraio Muscle as an Endocrine Organ: Focus on Muscle-Derived Interleukin-6 Physiol Rev, October 1, 2008; 88(4): 1379 - 1406. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. M. Meador, C. P. Krzyszton, R. W. Johnson, and K. A. Huey Effects of IL-10 and age on IL-6, IL-1{beta}, and TNF-{alpha} responses in mouse skeletal and cardiac muscle to an acute inflammatory insult J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2008; 104(4): 991 - 997. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. K. Gabler and M. E. Spurlock Integrating the immune system with the regulation of growth and efficiency J Anim Sci, April 1, 2008; 86(14_suppl): E64 - E74. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Frost and C. H. Lang Regulation of muscle growth by pathogen-associated molecules J Anim Sci, April 1, 2008; 86(14_suppl): E84 - E93. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Y. Cannon, D. Guttridge, J. Dahlman, J. R. George, V. Lai, C. Shores, P. Buzkova, and M. E. Couch The Effect of Altered Toll-like Receptor 4 Signaling on Cancer Cachexia Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, December 1, 2007; 133(12): 1263 - 1269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Weigert, M. Dufer, P. Simon, E. Debre, H. Runge, K. Brodbeck, H. U. Haring, and E. D. Schleicher Upregulation of IL-6 mRNA by IL-6 in skeletal muscle cells: role of IL-6 mRNA stabilization and Ca2+-dependent mechanisms Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, September 1, 2007; 293(3): C1139 - C1147. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. H. Lang, R. A. Frost, and T. C. Vary Regulation of muscle protein synthesis during sepsis and inflammation Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 2007; 293(2): E453 - E459. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Divangahi, A. Demoule, G. Danialou, L. Yahiaoui, W. Bao, Z. Xing, and B. J. Petrof Impact of IL-10 on Diaphragmatic Cytokine Expression and Contractility during Pseudomonas Infection Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., April 1, 2007; 36(4): 504 - 512. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. H. Boyd, M. Divangahi, L. Yahiaoui, D. Gvozdic, S. Qureshi, and B. J. Petrof Toll-Like Receptors Differentially Regulate CC and CXC Chemokines in Skeletal Muscle via NF-{kappa}B and Calcineurin Infect. Immun., December 1, 2006; 74(12): 6829 - 6838. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. Prelovsek, T. Mars, M. Jevsek, M. Podbregar, and Z. Grubic High dexamethasone concentration prevents stimulatory effects of TNF-{alpha} and LPS on IL-6 secretion from the precursors of human muscle regeneration Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, December 1, 2006; 291(6): R1651 - R1656. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Demoule, M. Divangahi, L. Yahiaoui, G. Danialou, D. Gvozdic, K. Labbe, W. Bao, and B. J. Petrof Endotoxin Triggers Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B-dependent Up-regulation of Multiple Proinflammatory Genes in the Diaphragm Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 15, 2006; 174(6): 646 - 653. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Juretic, P. Garcia-Huidobro, J. A. Iturrieta, E. Jaimovich, and N. Riveros Depolarization-induced slow Ca2+ transients stimulate transcription of IL-6 gene in skeletal muscle cells Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, May 1, 2006; 290(5): C1428 - C1436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. K. Jacobi, N. K. Gabler, K. M. Ajuwon, J. E. Davis, and M. E. Spurlock Adipocytes, myofibers, and cytokine biology: New horizons in the regulation of growth and body composition J Anim Sci, April 1, 2006; 84(13_suppl): E140 - E. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Frost, G. J. Nystrom, and C. H. Lang Multiple Toll-like receptor ligands induce an IL-6 transcriptional response in skeletal myocytes Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, March 1, 2006; 290(3): R773 - R784. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. J. Johnson, S. S. Dritz, K. A. Skjolaas-Wilson, T. E. Burkey, and J. E. Minton Interactive responses in gut immunity, and systemic and local changes in the insulin-like growth factor system in nursery pigs in response to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium J Anim Sci, June 1, 2005; 83(13_suppl): E48 - 56. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Frost, G. J. Nystrom, and C. H. Lang Lipopolysaccharide stimulates nitric oxide synthase-2 expression in murine skeletal muscle and C2C12 myoblasts via Toll-like receptor-4 and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase pathways Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, December 1, 2004; 287(6): C1605 - C1615. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. H. S. Chan, A. L. Carey, M. J. Watt, and M. A. Febbraio Cytokine gene expression in human skeletal muscle during concentric contraction: evidence that IL-8, like IL-6, is influenced by glycogen availability Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, August 1, 2004; 287(2): R322 - R327. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Frost, G. J. Nystrom, and C. H. Lang Epinephrine stimulates IL-6 expression in skeletal muscle and C2C12 myoblasts: role of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and histone deacetylase activity Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2004; 286(5): E809 - E817. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Frost, G. J. Nystrom, and C. H. Lang Lipopolysaccharide and proinflammatory cytokines stimulate interleukin-6 expression in C2C12 myoblasts: role of the Jun NH2-terminal kinase Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, November 1, 2003; 285(5): R1153 - R1164. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Qureshi, P.-Y. Perera, J. Shen, G. Zhang, A. Lenschat, G. Splitter, D. C. Morrison, and S. N. Vogel The Proteasome as a Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein in Macrophages: Differential Effects of Proteasome Inhibition on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Signaling Events J. Immunol., August 1, 2003; 171(3): 1515 - 1525. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Alexander, H. Carlsen, and R. Blomhoff Strong In Vivo Activation of NF-{kappa}B in Mouse Lenses by Classic Stressors Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., June 1, 2003; 44(6): 2683 - 2688. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
