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This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 288/5/R1129    most recent 00366.2004v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (1) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Wichi, R. B. Articles by Irigoyen, M. C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Wichi, R. B. Articles by Irigoyen, M. C.

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Fetal Physiological Programming

Increased blood pressure in the offspring of diabetic mothers

¹Nephrology Department, Federal University of São Paulo-UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil; ²Hypertension Unit and Heart Institute of Medical School-University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; ³Wright State University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Dayton, Ohio; and ⁴University of São Paulo, Department of Anatomy, São Paulo, Brazil

Submitted 1 June 2004 ; accepted in final form 10 January 2005

Studies were conducted in rats to determine the effect of maternal diabetes and the consequent hyperglycemia on cardiovascular function in the offspring. Diabetes was induced in pregnant Wistar rats through streptozotocin injection (50 mg/kg). Cardiovascular parameters were measured in 2-mo-old offspring animals of diabetic (OD, n = 12) and control rats (OC, n = 8). Arterial pressure (AP), heart rate (HR), baroreflex sensitivity, and vascular responsiveness to phenylephrine (PH) and sodium nitroprusside (SN) were measured. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in heart, kidney, and lung was determined. OD rats exhibited increases in systolic AP (138 ± 8 vs. 119 ± 6 mmHg, OD vs. OC), with no change in HR (342 ± 21 vs. 364 ± 39 beats per minute (bpm), OD vs. OC). The reflex tachycardia elicited by SN was reduced in OD rats, as indicated by the slope of the linear regression (–2.2 ± 0.4 vs. –3.6 ± 0.8 bpm/mmHg, OD vs. OC). Vascular responsiveness to PH was increased 63% in OD rats compared with OC. OD rats showed increases in ACE activity in heart, kidney, and lung (1.13 ± 0.24, 3.04 ± 0.86, 40.8 ± 8.9 vs. 0.73 ± 0.19, 1.7 ± 0.45, 28.1 ± 6 nmol His-Leu·min^–1 mg protein^–1, OD vs. OC). Results suggest that diabetes during pregnancy affects cardiovascular function in offspring, seen as hypertension, baroreflex dysfunction, and activation of tissue renin-angiotensin system.

cardiovascular; heart rate; development; angiotensin-converting enzyme; renin-angiotensin system; hyperglycemia