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RENAL HEMODYNAMICS AND CARDIORENAL INTEGRATION

Predominant postglomerular vascular resistance response to reflex renal sympathetic nerve activation during ANG II clamp in rabbits

Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia

Submitted 26 March 2004 ; accepted in final form 7 June 2004

We have shown previously that a moderate reflex increase in renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) elevated glomerular capillary pressure, whereas a more severe increase in RSNA decreased glomerular capillary pressure. This suggested that the nerves innervating the glomerular afferent and efferent arterioles could be selectively activated, allowing differential control of glomerular capillary pressure. A caveat to this conclusion was that intrarenal actions of neurally stimulated ANG II might have contributed to the increase in postglomerular resistance. This has now been investigated. Anesthetized rabbits were prepared for renal micropuncture and RSNA recording. One group (ANG II clamp) received an infusion of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (enalaprilat, 2 mg/kg bolus plus 2 mg·kg^–1·h^–1) plus ANG II (20 ng·kg^–1·min^–1), the other vehicle. Measurements were made before (room air) and during 14% O₂. Renal blood flow decreased less during ANG II clamp compared with vehicle [9 ± 1% vs. 20 ± 4%, interaction term (P_GT) < 0.05], despite a similar increase in RSNA in response to 14% O₂ in the two groups. Arterial pressure and glomerular filtration rate were unaffected by 14% O₂ in both groups. Glomerular capillary pressure increased from 33 ± 1 to 37 ± 1 mmHg during ANG II clamp and from 33 ± 2 to 35 ± 1 mmHg in the vehicle group before and during 14% O₂, respectively (P_GT < 0.05). During ANG II clamp, postglomerular vascular resistance was still increased in response to RSNA during 14% O₂, demonstrating that the action of the renal nerves on the postglomerular vasculature was independent of the renin-angiotensin system. This further supports our hypothesis that increases in RSNA can selectively control pre- and postglomerular vascular resistance and therefore glomerular ultrafiltration.

kidney; renal innervation; glomerular capillary pressure; renal micropuncture; hypoxia

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