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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 283: R79-R85, 2002. First published March 22, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00104.2002
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Vol. 283, Issue 1, R79-R85, July 2002

48-h Hypoxic exposure results in endothelium-dependent systemic vascular smooth muscle cell hyperpolarization

Scott Earley, Jay S. Naik, and Benjimen R. Walker

Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-5218

Chronic hypoxia (CH) results in reduced sensitivity to vasoconstrictors in conscious rats that persists upon restoration of normoxia. We hypothesized that this effect is due to endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells after CH. VSM cell resting membrane potential was determined for superior mesenteric artery strips isolated from CH rats (PB = 380 Torr for 48 h) and normoxic controls. VSM cells from CH rats studied under normoxia were hyperpolarized compared with controls. Resting vessel wall intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and pressure-induced vasoconstriction were reduced in vessels isolated from CH rats compared with controls. Vasoconstriction and increases in vessel wall [Ca2+]i in response to the alpha 1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine (PE) were also blunted in resistance arteries from CH rats. Removal of the endothelium normalized resting membrane potential, resting vessel wall [Ca2+]i, pressure-induced vasoconstrictor responses, and PE-induced constrictor and Ca2+ responses between groups. Whereas VSM cell hyperpolarization persisted in the presence of nitric oxide synthase inhibition, heme oxygenase inhibition restored VSM cell resting membrane potential in vessels from CH rats to control levels. We conclude that endothelial derived CO accounts for persistent VSM cell hyperpolarization and vasoconstrictor hyporeactivity after CH.

rat; carbon monoxide; calcium imaging; vasoreactivity


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