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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 282: R611-R622, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00285.2001
0363-6119/02 $5.00
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Vol. 282, Issue 2, R611-R622, February 2002

Dynamics of cerebral blood flow regulation explained using a lumped parameter model

Mette S. Olufsen1, Ali Nadim2, and Lewis A. Lipsitz3

1 Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695; 2 Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California 91711; and 3 Hebrew Rehabilitation Center for Aged, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02131

The dynamic cerebral blood flow response to sudden hypotension during posture change is poorly understood. To better understand the cardiovascular response to hypotension, we used a windkessel model with two resistors and a capacitor to reproduce beat-to-beat changes in middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (transcranial Doppler measurements) in response to arterial pressure changes measured in the finger (Finapres). The resistors represent lumped systemic and peripheral resistances in the cerebral vasculature, whereas the capacitor represents a lumped systemic compliance. Ten healthy young subjects were studied during posture change from sitting to standing. Dynamic variations of the peripheral and systemic resistances were extracted from the data on a beat-to-beat basis. The model shows an initial increase, followed approximately 10 s later by a decline in cerebrovascular resistance. The model also suggests that the initial increase in cerebrovascular resistance can explain the widening of the cerebral blood flow pulse observed in young subjects. This biphasic change in cerebrovascular resistance is consistent with an initial vasoconstriction, followed by cerebral autoregulatory vasodilation.

cerebral autoregulation; arterial modeling


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