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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 280: R1434-R1439, 2001;
0363-6119/01 $5.00
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Vol. 280, Issue 5, R1434-R1439, May 2001

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B induces fever, brain c-Fos expression, and serum corticosterone in rats

Lisa E. Goehler1,2, Ron P. A. Gaykema1,2, Michael K. Hansen2, Jayme L. Kleiner2, Steven F. Maier2, and Linda R. Watkins2

1 Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904; and 2 Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309

The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) occupies a pivotal point within the network of brain nuclei coordinating critical host-defense responses. In mice, T cell-dependent immune stimuli, including the bacterial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), can activate the PVH. To determine whether T cell-dependent immune stimuli activate the PVH in rats, we assessed plasma corticosterone (Cort) levels, fever responses, and c-Fos expression in the PVH in animals treated with intraperitoneal injections of SEB. In animals with previously implanted abdominal thermisters, intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg SEB resulted in a significant rise in body temperature, with a latency of 3.5-4 h. In separate animals, intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg SEB resulted in a significant elevation of plasma Cort and induced c-Fos expression in parvocellular neurons within the PVH. These results support the idea that T cell-dependent immune stimuli activate brain pathways mediating host-defense responses such as fever and neuroendocrine changes.

superantigen; thermoregulation; paraventricular hypothalamus; immediate-early gene


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