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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 278: R677-R683, 2000;
0363-6119/00 $5.00
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Vol. 278, Issue 3, R677-R683, March 2000

Denudations as paracellular routes for alphafetoprotein and creatinine across the human syncytiotrophoblast

P. Brownbill1, D. Mahendran2, D. Owen3, P. Swanson4, K. L. Thornburg5, D. M. Nelson6, and C. P. Sibley1,7

Academic Unit of 1 Child Health, 2 Obstetrics and Gynaecology and 7 School of Biological Sciences, 3 Radioimmunoassay Laboratory, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, M13 0JH United Kingdom; 5 Department of Physiology, Oregon Health Sciences University, School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon 97201; and Departments of 6 Obstetrics and Gynecology and of 4 Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110

We tested two hypotheses: 1) that fibrin-containing fibrinoid-filled denudations of the syncytiotrophoblast may provide a route for paracellular diffusion and 2) that placentas from women who had elevated maternal serum alphafetoprotein (MSAFP) in midgestation had raised permeability to AFP and greater denudation than in normal pregnancy. We measured AFP and creatinine clearance across term placental cotyledons from the above groups and used light microscope morphometric analysis to determine the volume density of fibrin-containing fibrinoid deposits. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of AFP and creatinine clearance or volume density of fibrin-containing fibrinoid deposits. The combined data showed a significant (P < 0.05) positive correlation between creatinine clearance, but not AFP clearance, and volume density of fibrin-containing fibrinoid. We conclude that syncytiotrophoblast denudations, with associated fibrinoid, do provide a route for diffusion of small hydrophilic solutes, but that other anatomic features of the placenta are rate limiting for transfer of AFP and similarly sized molecules.

maternal serum alphafetoprotein; placenta; fibrin-containing fibrinoid


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